Description:
This analysis, conducted by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)-funded Health Policy Plus (HP+) project and Indonesia's National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction (TNP2K), employed statistical models to assess efficiency of private sector hospitals' inpatient and outpatient departments before and after JKN initiation using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). DEA, a linear technique that measures proportional change of multiple inputs and outputs, is often used to quantify efficiency (Banker et al., 1984; Charnes et al., 1978; Harmadi and Irwandy, 2018). In DEA, efficiency is scored for each facility relative to the "best," rather than average, facility. Difference-in-difference models were then used to assess whether changes in efficiency were associated with BPJS-K contracting and, thereby, the initiation of JKN.